Thinking about getting a pet goat? Whether you’re looking for a fun and affectionate companion or want a goat for milk and gardening benefits, there are several important factors to consider before bringing one into your home. Goats are not just cute and entertaining animals; they require a lot of care, space, and attention to ensure they live healthy, happy lives. Here’s a list of 10 things you should know before getting a pet goat to make sure you’re fully prepared for the responsibility.

1. Check Local Laws And Regulations

Before you decide to get a pet goat, it’s essential to verify that they are allowed in your area. Many cities or towns have specific regulations regarding the keeping of goats, such as size, weight, and proximity to homes or neighboring properties. It’s crucial to ensure that your local laws permit goats, and that your neighbors are tolerant of the sounds and presence of your new pet. By checking these factors early on, you can avoid potential legal issues and ensure a smooth experience with your new goat.

2. Miniature Or Standard Goat?

When considering getting a pet goat, you’ll need to decide between miniature or standard breeds. Miniature goats, such as the Nigerian Dwarf or Pygmy, are often preferred in urban areas due to size restrictions. These breeds weigh less than 100 pounds and can fit well in smaller spaces, making them a great option for those with limited room. On the other hand, standard breeds like Nubians or Alpines are larger, weighing between 100 to 200 pounds or more, and they require more space to roam.

3. Provide Ample Space For Your Goat

Goats are highly active and need space to roam and play. A miniature goat needs at least 135 square feet of space, while standard-sized goats require even more. In addition to the yard space, goats need a secure, draft-free barn or shed to protect them from extreme weather conditions and predators. It’s important to ensure that your yard offers a mix of sun and shade, as goats need both for a comfortable living environment. Having enough space for your goats to move around freely not only supports their physical health but also helps to reduce stress and boredom.

4. Strong Fencing Is Essential

Goats are notorious escape artists, and without proper fencing, they can quickly find a way to roam beyond your yard. They are known to rub on fences, especially during shedding, and will try to stick their heads through gaps to nibble on something they can’t reach. For this reason, your fencing must be sturdy and high enough to contain them. Miniature goats require a fence that is at least 4 feet high, while standard goats need fences that are 5 feet or taller. Make sure to use strong materials like wood or durable wire mesh that cannot be bent or pushed down by your clever goats.

5. Regular Veterinary Care Is A Must

Just like other pets, goats require regular veterinary care to maintain their health. A veterinarian familiar with farm animals should provide routine check-ups, vaccinations, and de-worming treatments. Additionally, goats need their hooves trimmed every 6 weeks to prevent health issues. Female goats, known as does, need their horns disbudded when they’re a few days old to prevent injury to themselves or others. Ensure that you have access to a veterinarian who is experienced in goat care and is prepared to handle these essential health needs.

6. Goats Are Fussy Eaters

Goats are often misunderstood when it comes to their eating habits. Contrary to popular belief, they won’t eat just anything. They are selective about their food and prefer clean, fresh meals. Goats are primarily browsers, which means they eat leaves, shrubs, and grasses but won’t consume plants that have fallen on the ground or been soiled. To ensure they remain healthy, you’ll need to supplement their diet with hay, grains, and fresh water. Be cautious of toxic plants in your yard, such as azaleas and rhododendrons, which can be harmful to goats. 

7. Goats Are Social And Affectionate

Goats are incredibly social animals, and they thrive best in the company of other goats. A lonely goat can become stressed and unhappy, so it’s always a good idea to have at least two goats. Does can live together peacefully, as long as one isn’t overly aggressive, and goats generally bond well with their human caretakers. Goats are affectionate, love being petted, and may even recognize their owners. They enjoy spending time with their humans and are often curious, nuzzling, and occasionally nibbling on clothing. 

8. Goats Are Smart And Independent

Goats are incredibly intelligent and can be surprisingly independent. They are quick learners and can be taught to walk on a lead, carry small packs, and even perform simple tasks like pulling a cart around your yard. However, their intelligence also means they can be sneaky when it comes to finding escape routes. If they see an opportunity for food or freedom, they will take it. Their cleverness makes them engaging and fun to be around, but it also requires constant vigilance to keep them from getting into trouble.

9. Goats Provide Benefits Beyond Companionship

Goats are not just adorable; they can also provide practical benefits. They produce milk, which is rich and nutritious, making it an excellent choice for dairy enthusiasts. However, owning a milk goat requires extra care and attention, as you’ll need to breed the female annually to produce milk and find homes for the offspring. Additionally, goat manure is an excellent natural fertilizer for your garden, helping plants grow healthy and strong. If you have the space and are prepared for the work involved, goats can offer much more than just companionship.

10. Goats Require Significant Work And Care

While goats are entertaining and adorable, they also require a lot of care and effort to keep healthy and happy. They need fresh hay, grain, and clean water daily. Be prepared to haul hay bales and bags of pellets regularly to ensure your goats have enough to eat. Goats also require additional nutrition in the form of higher-protein grains and essential minerals, especially copper. Make sure to consult with a veterinarian to determine the appropriate diet and supplements for your goats. 

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